A Government And A Tobacco Company - 1003 Words

I find the topic of ethics in business very interesting. The choices we make have consequences and those choices are made based on the context of the situation. I believe that we as people try to make the best choice for everyone. Therefore, I will discuss how a government and a tobacco company feel that they are justified in banning or opposing tobacco advertising in India. The government of India serves the people. When a product is produced that affects the health of the people the government is justified to take action. With Tobacco products India banned the advertising and sponsorship of sport and cultural events (IBS Center for Management Research (ICMR), 2001). Those in favor of the ban cite the French who stated that Tobacco advertising ban was to protect public health. They also, state the World Health Organization’s (WHO) death toll numbers. These numbers show that tobacco products are one of the leading causes of death in the world are continuing to grow. People who are in favor of the banning of advertising for tobacco products use a World Bank report that shows a substantial decline in smoking when ban of advertising in enacted for all forms of media. Finally, the fear of children becoming addicted to smoking has helped to support the justification to ban advertising on tobacco products. With these reasons we can understand and suppo rt a governments action to ban advertising on tobacco products. The TobaccoShow MoreRelatedThe Ban Of Tobacco Companies Essay1121 Words   |  5 PagesFebruary 26th, 2001 the Indian government announced they were going to enforce a ban regarding advertising their products in their country. The problem was that tobacco companies in India promote their products through every conceivable medium, including radio, television, newspapers, magazines, billboards and the internet. The government realized that most of these tobacco companies were adapting creative new ways to publicize their brands to young people. Some tobacco companies also decided to use indirectRead MoreIndia s Tobacco Advertising Ban1018 Words   |  5 PagesIndia s Tobacco Advertising Ban The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that worldwide, five million tobacco users die annually and estimates that one million Indians die each year prematurely from tobacco use (2015). As late at 2009, India was â€Å"the world’s second-largest consumer and third-largest producer of tobacco† (Economist, 2009, p. 5). In an attempt to reduce consumption, India introduced its first adverting ban on tobacco in 1990, followed in 2003 by the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco ProductsRead MoreBAN ON TOBACCO ADVERTISEMENT IN INDIA800 Words   |  4 PagesBAN ON TOBACCO ADVERTISEMENT IN INDIA In 2004 the government of India banned tobacco companies from advertising their products and sponsoring sports and cultural events. The objective was to discourage adolescents from consuming tobacco products as well as empower the government with the power to launch an anti tobacco program. . This issue created a serious problem in that it was both ethical and commercial, the government on one hand, believe it was its responsibility to protect the welfare ofRead MoreThe Fight Against Smoking1162 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fight Against Smoking Tobacco has been a huge part of economic success in many countries for over a century now. Tobacco use has greatly increased since its discovery in the late 1400s by the European settlers in the new world otherwise known as the United States. Tobacco companies are very aware of the health risks of cigarettes, but continue to sell them for the high amount of revenue they make off of them. Cigarettes kill millions of people around the world each year and the death tollRead MoreThe War on Tobacco1539 Words   |  7 Pages Tobacco Regulation Tobacco companies have been in a battle with anti-smokers for a while about regulating tobacco, and there has been a war between tobacco companies and anti tobacco crusaders, because of regulating tobacco and some lawsuits. For one viewpoint regulating tobacco would be a good thing to do, anti tobacco crusaders are saying that regulation of tobacco is necessary to protect public health; on the other hand the other viewpoint is say that the tobacco companies are saying â€Å"regulationRead MoreEssay Cash Crop: The Silent Killer847 Words   |  4 Pagesin humanity. Tobacco Companies’ love of money causes them to continue to promote and sell tobacco products even though these products are excessively harmful to their customers. During advertising campaigns, tobacco advertisers research people most likely to use their product and target that audience by mentioning the positives of using tobacco. Tobacco companies attempt to sell their products through carefully crafted messages accompanying every tobacco advertisement. In tobacco ads, advertisersRead MoreBan On Tobacco Advertising And The Conflict Of Interest That It Presents1126 Words   |  5 PagesBan on Tobacco Advertisement in India The discussion of advertising tobacco products is a controversial topic, there are relevant points on both sides of the argument, so it is hard to determine a true ethical decision. India’s government announced the bill banning tobacco companies from advertising their products in February 2001, their goal is to prevent adolescents from taking up smoking or any other form of tobacco products. Initiating this bill is the government answer to an ethical challengeRead MoreShould Big Tobacco Be Sued for Health Care Bills? An Analysis998 Words   |  4 Pages Should big tobacco be sued for health bill? An analysis A recent ruling by the Supreme Court of Canada on the subject of smoking is the main topic of my articles. The landmark ruling made on September 30th gives the province of British Columbia ammunition against big tobacco companies. The decision allows British Columbia to sue tobacco companies for damages related to smoking-related health care costs dating back 50 years (Bell Globalmedia Inc [BGMI], 2005). Many expect theRead MoreThe Ban On The Tobacco Industry950 Words   |  4 PagesWhen the Government of India dropped the news on the ban on the tobacco Industry, the objective of such a ban was to discourage adolescents from consuming tobacco products and also arm the Government with powers to launch an anti-Tobacco program but the ethical aspects of Government objectives was in question because the tobacco company was a major revenue earner for the government in past years. these fact of ethics situation was no news to the populace that s why a statement was madeRead MoreBan On Tobacco Advertisements By The Government Of India1444 Words   |  6 PagesBan on Tobacco Ads by the Government of India Tobacco is one of the world’s most profitable industries. The top three producers of tobacco are: China, Brazil, and India, in that order. These industries provide direct and indirect work for many people in developing countries. Thus, like any good company it wishes to expose its products to the public by investing in ads and other merchandise of its product. All companies end goal (and of course this included tobacco) is to increase the appeal and

Ladakh Road Essay - 1098 Words

Ladakh generally remains cut-off from the rest of Indian mainland during winters as these roads gets closed after the start of the winter snow in November/December and open in end May or June depending on the weather forecast. The Border Roads Organization (BRO) is responsible for operation and maintenance of these highways. Earlier, these routes used to be closed officially after October 31. However, an account of post winter opening of Leh-Ladakh Road via Rohtang pass in last five years indicate considerable change in snow fall pattern. For Manali-Srinagar-Leh axis, there are indications over last 5 years of the snow season starting late in December and continuing till end May. However, in the last winter, secondary information shows†¦show more content†¦The snow accumulation at Zojila pass is generally about 40-60 feet. Some of the captions below provide an account of snow in these regions. In 2017, BRO provided an annual snow clearance grant of INR 70 per cum for 2 lane roads in altitudes above 2400m. Considering that both these routes fall in these altitudes, and assuming on average 5 m of snow cover on two 2-lane roads (7 m wide). The cost of snow clearance operations combined for these two routes (474 km + 424 km) is around INR 2,200 Mn, besides there are additional grants for air support provided to ground staff for airlifting persons, supplying fuel and spare parts and other things by helicopter. High altitude roads in heavy snowfall areas experience a major drainage problem during spring thaw. The snow melt water flows with tremendous velocity over the pavement, causing its erosion covered on either side by snow accumulated on berms during snow clearance operations. The water released by thawing collects in the centre of the pavement and the road itself acts as a drain. At times, this running snow melt water freezes on the pavement and causes skidding. Thaw water penetrates through the potholes and crevices in the pavement. When subsequent freezing occurs, this thaw also freezes and expands causing damage to the pavement. This alternative cycle of road thawing and freezing is one of the major causes of damage to the pavement in snow bound areas. BROShow MoreRelatedWater as a Source of Future Conflict in Sa26984 Words   |  108 PagesNeomalthusians, consider on water as a basis of violent conflict. This approach was initially developed from Thomas Malthus[1] writings about the connection between population pressure and societal capacity for supporting means of livelihood in ‘An Essay on the Principle of Population’ (1798). Although not adopting such a strict view of the situation as Malthus, the Neomalthusians dwell on population growth in combination with other factors such as economic and industrial development. In concert, such

Healthcare External and Internal

Question: Create a mission and vision statement for your organization. Determine three specific strategic goals that align with the ideals in those two statements. Answer: External And Internal Factors Affecting Healthcare Organizations The present scenario for hospitals is very unpredictable, uncertain and complex. To sustain in the business of healthcare, organizations need to provide quality care to the patients, meeting their need and satisfaction. Patients satisfaction is associated with their loyalty and belief in the organization, adding up to the profitability. However, currently one of the major challenges to the healthcare system is the advent of patient protection and affordable care act- 2010 (PPACA), which further affects the internal functioning of hospitals. According to the act, hospitals and physicians will be altering their practices by demanding lesser fees and providing technologically and clinically efficient treatment for better health outcomes of patients. Thus, it has put an extra burden on these organizations to sustain their services, causing many of them to shut. Although being one of the most regulated industries, healthcare industry is getting weaker owing to this act, wherein underpayme nts to physicians has compromised the patient care. Hence, to provide quality care to the patients and remain financially solvent, strategic management has become a necessity. Internal and External Factors in Healthcare A clear understanding of antecedents to quality care can help develop a better strategy and framework for an organization to excel in medical services. Proper functioning of an organization is dependent on its productivity, profitability, and patients satisfaction. Hence, firstly it needs to identify the internal and external forces in their growth. (Templeton et. al., 2016) External factors. a) Government laws. Certain state and federal level regulations by government in favor of the patients negatively impact the healthcare organizations. The PPACA act in US has pressurized the healthcare systems to cut down the cost and increase the quality and technology of treatment. However, in small scale organizations like ours, due to lack of sufficient finance it gets difficult to implement the changes. Additionally, lowering down of primary physician fees and prescription of less costly generics as compared to innovators will ultimately affect revenue and profitability of the hospital. Thus, making it all the more complex in installation of advanced equipments and systems for patient control. The Medicares physician reimbursement further increases the burden by increasing the staffing cost to hospitals while decreasing reimbursements, thus, disturbing the balance within the organization as a result of decreasing quality of service (Fodeman, 2016). b) Availability of resources. Quality of services and profits are highly dependent on the availability of healthcare resources. Due to higher demand for advanced diagnostic equipments and effective medicines, the resources are becoming limited. Therefore, the problem of allocation of resources and funds arise, leading to insufficient infrastructure, limited access to new effective drugs and hence low quality service and patient dissatisfaction. As a consequence, it can cause poor patient reviews further leading to shutting down of the organization (Mosadeghrad, 2013). Internal factors. a) Job dissatisfaction. Changes in the regulations have led to an increase in job dissatisfaction among the physicians and nurses. Some of the factors crucial in job satisfaction are pay, management, policies in the organization, job security, promotions etc. With changes in laws, most of the healthcare providers are getting paid less in comparison to the amount of work and time they devote to patients. To maintain previous income they are forced to treat more number of patients. This, on the more is responsible for increased employee turnover in the organization. Thereby the organization to get its finance has to increase the number of beds with limited attention to the patients. Thus, the burden of this is faced by the patients, with decrease in face-time with doctors, compromised care, and quick discharges. The regressive environment of the hospital ultimately hinders the quality of care. Moreover, the promotion rules, being majorly based on the number of articles published, years in service and exams passed rather than quality of service provided and patients treated, have added to the dissatisfaction among the doctors (Scheppersa et.al., 2006). b) Physician competence and skills. Keeping all the other factors aside, for a hospital to have excellent quality of service, it is necessary to have competent physicians. Technically sound workforce, with knowledge, experience and capability is a key to success. No matter how adverse the other situations are, if a hospitals staffs and physicians are superior, patients will believe in its service. Additionally, being acquainted with recent therapies, treatments and discoveries in their field, the employees should also be well informed of the organizations culture and regulations. This necessitates the modification in the recruitment and management procedures of our organization, wherein attitude, knowledge, skills, expertise etc. of a physician should be kept forth (Mosadeghrad, 2014). Competitive strategy development. For the care and services to prosper in the organization, it is essential to develop a strategic planning that recognizes and deals with the changes in external and internal threats. But targeting these factors with a single competitive strategy is a challenge for the management. Changes in government laws, job satisfaction and resource limitation are somewhere linked to each other. However, for efficient workforce development, approaches such as training programs and stringent recruitment procedures are required. These identified factors weaken the hospitals position in the external competitive environment, questioning its managerial system. With changing government laws, it is complex to balance between the finance/funds and services of the hospital, including payment to the staffs and physicians, which leads the employees to switch their job. As a result, the organization runs short of good healthcare providers and treatments. This will further hamper the strategy building process , as lack of good and satisfied staffing will make the strategy implementation even more difficult. Additionally, the factors identified make it complex for the management to decide whether to allocate funds on physicians salary, recruitment of excellent physicians and staffs or on advanced treatment procedures and resources for achieving quality care. Therefore, an efficient strategy needs to be built for minimizing the negative impacts of these factors (Rivers and Glover, 2008). Addressing threats with strategic planning. In the recent scenario, with all the new discoveries being made in the healthcare sector and introduction of new techniques, the competition has increased. This has further strengthened the impact of the above factors. Hence, for maintaining the momentum of strategic plan and becoming resilient to changes in the healthcare sector, the organizations goals should first be made clear with focus on limited number of services. Supplementary to this, a deep study of all the threats, their possible causes and consequences along with their relational perspectives must be done. To address the currently persisting major issues the management should utilize the factory approach i.e. focusing on specific diseases such as cancer, diabetes and heart diseases. This will minimize the resource allocation problem and increase efficiency of patient treatment and quality of care. It further solves the problems of job dissatisfaction among the physicians due to low pay, as the limited number of specialists for specific diseases can be paid higher. Additionally, narrowing down the scope paves way for patient-centered treatment approach that facilitates more attention to the patients rather than less face-time. This patient-centered approach, educating the patients about their health, and providing full freedom to participate in the decision making process, will make them more comfortable and satisfied (Kim et. al., 2015). Patients satisfaction increases their loyalty for an organization and helps in improving its reputation and profitability, because when it comes to health people opt for quality rather than paying less. Conclusion Although in the current scenario, with changes in external environment the internal hospital momentum is getting disturbed. However, with the application of several analytical models, these negatively impacting forces can be analyzed. The organization must not divert from the original goal, which is patients welfare, other requirements including profitability, employee satisfaction and resources will follow that ultimately. References Fodeman, J. The new health law: bad for doctors, awful for patients. The institute for healthcare consumerism. Retrieved January 13, 2016, from https://www.theihcc.com/en/communities/policy_legislation/the-new-health-law-bad-for-doctors-awful-for-patie_gn17y01k.html Kim, H.S., Kim, Y. H., Woo, J.S., and Hyun, S. J. (2015). An analysis of organizational performance based on hospital specialization level and strategy type. PLoS One, 10(7), e0132257. Mosadeghrad, A. M. (2014). Factors affecting medical service quality. Iranian journal of public health, 43(2), 210220. Mosadeghrad, A.M., Ferdosi, M., Afshar, H., Hosseini, N.M. (2013) The impact of top management turnover on quality management implementation.Medical archives, 67, 13440. Rivers, P.A., and Glover, S. H. (2008). Health care competition, strategic mission, and patient satisfaction: research model and propositions. Journal of health organization and management, 22(6), 627641. Scheppersa, E., Dongenb, E. V., Dekkerc, J., Geertzend, J., and Dekkere, J. (2006). Potential barriers to the use of health services among ethnic minorities: a review. Family practice,23(3), 325-348. Templeton, A.R., Young, L., Bish, A., Gnich, W., Cassie, H., Treweek, S., Bonetti, D., Stirling, D., Macpherson, L., McCann, S., Clarkson, J., Ramsay, C. (2016). Patient-, organization-, and system-level barriers and facilitators to preventive oral health care: a convergent mixed-methods study in primary dental care. Implementation Science, 1(1),5.

Global Business World Economic Development

Question: Discuss about theGlobal Business for World Economic Development. Answer: Introduction: Globalisation has captured the imagination and fancy of the various businesses on a global scale as it has completely captured the marketplace. With the scope and size of globalised economy is increasing at a rapid pace, it is having implications for the various stakeholders of the society including domestic businesses. The wave of globalisation had led to rapid economic development in the third world countries. Also, it has limited the movement of goods and capital across borders and therefore enhanced the overall integration of the global economy (Weiss, 2002). In this backdrop, the given essay aims to comment on the significance of globalisation for the survival and growth of domestic businesses globally. Globalisation has led to a fundamental change in the business environment globally and has become a key force behind the survival of businesses while presenting them with a growth opportunity. In case of developed nations, globalisation has led to global access to products and services through the e-commerce route (Akram, 2011). As a result, it has becomes imperative for the domestic businesses in these countries to enhance their cost competitiveness so as to continue to survive. This is enabled through globalisation which presents lucrative outsourcing operations to cheaper destination based in Asia. Most of the non-core works are outsourced and also manufacturing operations are outsourced to third world countries in a bid to save cost (Rodrik, 2002). Further, globalisation also presents a lucrative opportunity to the domestic businesses based in developed nations as these can now expand their markets to lucrative developing nations. For most of these businesses, the domestic market is also saturated and hence the presence in huge consumer markets of Asia with rich purchasing power is an exciting opportunity to deliver sustainable returns for their shareholders. This only has led to the increasing presence of MNC (Multinational Corporations) based out of developed countries. Also, there are other businesses which set up their manufacturing bases in the developing nations and therefore leverage the local resources available (Redding, 2000). Globalisation also brings significant gains on the table for businesses based in developing nations as these nations have limited availability of capital and technology but abundant supply of labour. As a result, most of the work processes are labour dominated and therefore the productivity is comparatively lower. Over a period of time, this inefficiency starts taking a toll on the businesses and hence these are not able to survive in the long run especially as competition enhances owing to the entry of foreign firms (Hamdi, 2013). With globalisation as an enabling force, the developing nations business tend to gain access to capital and latest technology and therefore witness economic progress (Berman Machin, 2000). Further, owing to globalisation the business flow to businesses in the developing world tends to increase in the form of outsourced jobs. Besides, with the global companies shifting their manufacturing bases, a lucrative opportunity for expansion is presented to local b usinesses. Also, the local businesses can look to market their products to the western markets and hence grow their business (Hartungi, 2006). However, while globalisation is considered to a game changer but essentially it is a double edged sword as it has adverse implications also. In case of businesses based in developed countries, globalisation implies that the big companies have put in place a global supply chain based on significant outsourcing which has resulted in lowering product costs. However, for the small businesses, this is not a viable option and thus these are not able to compete with the MNCs. This is also true for developing nations where as a result of globalisation, the MNC are leading to the shutting down of small businesses (Stiglitz, 2002). Hence, on one hand globalisation leads to efficiency gains and on the other it eliminates the inefficient businesses globally (Weiss, 2002). The arguments above lead to the conclusion that there are potential negative impacts of globalisation but the positive impact on businesses tend to exceed the negative ones. Globalisation has enhanced the efficiency of various businesses globally by using that resource usage is decided in the global economy rather than national economy. In the developing world, the domestic businesses have reaped efficiency gains, rapid economic growth, export market and outsourcing contracts. In the developed world, the domestic businesses have become more cost competitive and also gained access to new and lucrative markets. In the modern world, international trade is a critical activity which enables the nations to make up for any deficiency. International trade plays an important role in ensuring that the scare resources are used in an efficient manner. The theoretical framework of international trade was laid more than couple of centuries ago in the form of theory of absolute advantage and theory of competitive advantage. These theories provided the basis for indulging in international trade and have been since modified so as to reflect the modern norms (Mankiw, 2012). In this backdrop, the essay aims to highlight the difference between these along with limitations. It is noteworthy that international trade is advocated since the various nations have differential access to factors of production and therefore their efficiency in production of goods tends to be different. The primary difference between the two theories is in the metric used for measurement of efficiency. Adam Smith gave the theory of absolute advantage, As per this, the advantage with regards to production of good is determined by the production cost and hence the nation which produces a given good at a lower cost would tend to have absolute advantage with regards to that particular good. For efficiency gains, this theory advocates that only the nation having absolute advantage must produce the good and export to the other country where it is expensive to produce the same good (Dombusch, Fischer Startz, 2012). The absolute advantage theory does have some limitations. It assumed that there would be no currency fluctuations and hence the exchange rates would continue to remain constant which does not happen in the real world. Besides, it simply ignores the transportation costs involved in export which needs to be added to the production cost before comparing with cost in the importing nation. Another, simplistic assumption in the theory is the use of labour for production of different goods with the same amount of efficiency. This would be incorrect especially in modern businesses where level of specialisation has increased only (Krugman Wells, 2012). The usage of absolute advantage theory also presents a confusing situation when a given nation possesses absolute advantage over the other nation in production of all products and therefore it is not clear as to what the importing nation should do with its resources (McConnell, Brue Flynn, 2014). The theory of comparative advantage given by Ricardo provides viable solution to the given situation. Unlike absolute advantage, Ricardo advocates that the economic efficiency in production should not be measured by the underlying production cost but by the opportunity cost incurred for production. Hence, in case of nation which manufactures all goods with absolute advantage, opportunity cost must be computed and compared with the other nation. Therefore, usually this would result that both countries tend to utilise their resources in the best possible manner and through trading reap gains (Mankiw, 2012). Even though the theory of comparative advantage is considered better than corresponding theory of absolute advantage, but it does have some flaws which has resulted in this being modified over the years. It simply ignores the transportation costs involved in export which needs to be added to the production cost before comparing with cost in the importing nation. Further, due to increase specialisation caused due to comparative advantage may lead to inefficiency in the form of diseconomies of scale (Dombusch, Fischer Startz, 2012). Besides, no consideration during the theory is given to the presence of various government restrictions in the form of various trade barriers (both tariff and non-tariff) which tend to play a critical role in modern international trade. Also, the model looks at advantage in a static manner and is not open to the possibility of alterations in the comparative advantage due to developments in factors of production (Krugman Wells, 2012). The discussion conducted above in wake of the arguments clearly indicates that the main point separating the two theories is the fact that absolute advantage is based on lower cost of production unlike comparative advantage which is derived from lower opportunity cost. These theories have limited direct utility in the modern world due to their simplistic assumptions with regards to nonexistence of transportation cost, government barriers in trade, alterations in factors of production along with currency fluctuations. Despite the above shortcomings, these two theories were pioneers in international trade theories and hence most of the modern day theories tend to derive their conceptual source from one of these theories only. References Akram, M, Faheem, FA, Dost, MKB Abdullah, I 2011, Globalization and its Impacts on the World Economic Development, International Journal of Business and Social Science, vol. 2, no.23, pp. 291-297 Berman, E Machin, S 2000, Skill-biased Technology Transfer around the World, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Vol.16 No 2, pp.12-22. Dombusch, R, Fischer, S Startz, R 2012.Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill Publications, New York Hamdi, FM 2013, The Impact of Globalization in the Developing Countries, Development Country Studies, Vol. 3 No. 11, pp.141-143 Hartungi, B 2006, Could developing countries take the benefit of globalisation?,International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 33 No. 11, pp.728 743 Krugman, P Wells, R 2012. Macroeconomics, Worth Publishers, London Mankiw, G 2012. Principles of Macroeconomics, Cengage Learning, London McConnell, C, Brue, S Flynn, S 2014. Macroeconomics: Principles, Problems, Policies, McGraw Hill/Irwin Publications, New York Redding, S 1999, Globalisation,Economic Review, Vol. 17 No. 2, pp.16à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 19, Rodrik, D 2002, Globalization for whom?,Harvard Magazine, Vol. 104 No. 6, pp. 27-32 Stiglitz, JE 2002, Globalism's Discontents,The American Prospect, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp.37-43 Weiss, J 2002,Industrialisation and Globalisation: Theory and Evidence from Developing Countries, Routledge,London.

Grapes Of Wrath Essays (1083 words) - U.S. Route 66, Dust Bowl

Grapes Of Wrath The Grapes of Wrath is a novel by John Steinbeck that exposes the desperate conditions under which the migratory farm families of America during the 1930's lived. The novel tells of one family's migration west to California through the great economic depression of the 1930's. The bank took possession of their land because the owners could not pay off their loan. The novel shows how the Joad family deals with moving to California, and how they survive the cruelty of the landowners that took advantage of them, their poverty, and willingness to work. The Grapes of Wrath combines Steinbeck adoration of the land, his simple hatred of corruption; resulting from materialism (money), and his abiding faith in the common people to overcome the hostile environment. The novel opens with a retaining picture of nature on rampage. The novel shows the men and women that are unbroken by nature. The theme is one of man verses a hostile environment. His body destroyed but his spirit is not broken. The method used to develop the theme of the novel is through the use of symbolism. There are several uses of symbols in the novel from the turtle at the beginning to the rain at the end. As each symbol is presented through the novel they show examples of the good and the bad things that exist within the novel. The opening chapter paints a vivid picture of the situation facing the drought-stricken farmers of Oklahoma. Dust is described as covering everything, smothering the life out of anything that wants to grow. The dust is symbolic of the erosion of the lives of the people. The dust is synonymous with "deadness". The land is a ruined way of life (farming), people uprooted and forced to leave. Secondly, the dust stands for profiteering banks in the background that squeeze the life out the land by forcing the people off the land. The soil, the people (farmers), have been drained of life and are exploited: The last rain fell on the red and gray country of Oklahoma in early May. The weeds became a dark green to protect themselves from the sun's unyielding rays... The wind grew stronger, uprooting the weakened corn, and the air became so filled with dust that the stars were not visible at night. As the book continues a turtle, which appears and reappears several times early in the novel, can be seen as standing for survival, a driving life force in all of mankind that cannot be beaten by nature or man. The turtle represents a hope that the trip to the west is survivable by the Joad family. The turtle further represents the migrants struggles against nature/man by overcoming every obstacle he encounters: the red ant in his path, the truck driver who tries to run over him, being captured in Tom Joad's jacket: And now a light truck approached, and as it came near, the driver saw the turtle and swerved to hit it. The driver of the truck works for a large company, who try to stop the migrants from going west, when the driver attempts to hit the turtle it is another example of the big powerful guy trying to flatten or kill the little guy. Steadily the turtle advances on, ironically to the southwest, the direction of the migration of people. The turtle is described as being lasting, ancient, old and wise: horny head, yellowed toenails, indestructible high dome of a shell, humorous old eyes. The driver of the truck, red ant, and Tom Joad's jacket are all symbolic of nature and man trying to stop the turtle from continuing his journey westward to the promise land. The turtle helps to develop the theme by showing its struggle against life comparing it with the Joad struggle against man. The grapes seem to symbolize both bitterness and copiousness. Grandpa, the oldest member of the Joad family, talks of the grapes as symbols of plenty; all his descriptions of what he is going to do with the grapes in California suggest contentment, freedom, the goal for which the Joad family strive for. The grapes that are talked about by Grandpa help to elaborate the theme by showing that no matter how nice everything seems in California, the truth is that their beauty is only skin deep, in their souls they are rotten. The willow tree that is located on the Joad's farm represents the Joad family. The willow is described as being unmovable and never bending to the wind or dust.

feminists perspectives on fema essays

feminists perspectives on fema essays The concept of female criminality is one which has until recently been given very little consideration to in terms of its unique needs and characteristics. Like most areas of research, the study of criminology is one which until recently has been dominated by male researchers which seemed logical in the sense that the majority of crimes committed were by men. Therefore any crimes committed by women were just explained using the theoretical concepts created for men. It is only since the beginning of the 1960s that feminist groups have taken an interest in the roots and causes of crimes committed by women. The reason for this current interest is the realization that crimes committed by women cannot simply be understood using theories created to explain male activities. To explain the phenomena of female criminality, many theoretical perspectives have been put forth. Rather than focusing on physiological and biological causations, which were the main ideologies proposed in the past, contemporary feminist theorist are now analyzing female criminality through an economic and social context. In doing so, feminist criminologists have put forth various theories to serve as an aid in explaining the rise of female criminality in Canada. A very well known criminology theory that was presented by Caesare Lombroso in the late 19th century was the theory of the Female Offender (Bowker, 28). In a time period when women were recognized as individual beings and respected for their needs and rights, Lombroso proposed the theory that female criminality was due to biological abnormalities. He based his research on womens prisons and courts that he had visited and on the measurements he had taken of the womens various body parts. In his findings, Lombroso noted that that the majority of the female inmates had physical abnormalities such as heavy lower jaws, large nasal spines, simple crania...

IT and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IT and Society - Essay Example E-mail and instant messaging is also an effective way to communicate by sending and receiving messages. An optimistic view of this is that information technology promotes communication between people and must therefore help to spread social and international understanding. People who are thousands of miles apart, either literally or socially speaking, can communicate through 'chat' groups, bulletin boards or e-mail; they can obtain information on different ways of life through World Wide Web sites and even experience the 'virtual reality' of other ways of life through interactive programs. More efficient production using IT creates more wealth, which can be shared amongst all the groups concerned. It can thus be argued that the technology has a built-in bias in favour of reducing social and economic divisions. (Tansey, 2002, p. 214) Perrons (2004) holds the opinion that technology develops within specific sets of economic and social arrangements and technological possibilities are not realised automatically, that is social change does not automatically follow technology. Indeed the technology underpinning existed and was being implemented in the 1920s, but sustained accumulation did not follow. Changes were necessary in the prevailing mode of regulation, that is in the institutional arrangements within which individual and social reproduction takes place. (Perrons, 2004, p. 131) Perrons (2004) further states that the precise effects of e-commerce on economic and social development are contingent, varied and rapidly changing and therefore need to be explored empirically. The same processes or technologies that allow small firms access to world markets, which may enhance local development, simultaneously give peripheral consumers access to firms in the centre thereby facilitating the development of 'superstar' firms, and in turn potentially promote superstar regions. (Perrons, 2004, p. 180) In a broader spectrum IT helps telecommunications (TC) and networks to constantly implement to support organisational goals. Stair & Reynolds while providing an IT implementation example explains: suppose a business needs to develop an accurate monthly production forecast. Doing so requires a manger to download data from customers' databases of sales forecasts. TC can provide a network link so that the manager can access the data needed for the production forecast report, which in turn supports the company's objectives of better financial planning. (Stair & Reynolds, 2001, p. 146) The more individuals and organisations grasp the nature of the technology and its possibilities, the greater the probability they can influence the direction of change. A modest hope is that increased communication and a greater pooling of information should in the long run make it easier for people, organisations and states to reach, if not a consensus on what should be done, at least informed compromises on how to live together. (Tansey, 2002, p. 214) Presently, IT has enabled our social system to confront with social change in the

Best Assessment Strategies in Secondary Schools Essay

Best Assessment Strategies in Secondary Schools - Essay Example Interactive assessment in the classroom assumes special significance at the secondary level as students need constant feedbacks for the learning activities they undertake. There should be regular assessment at the secondary level. This is rightly suggested by E.C. Wragg when he remarks: " In most of the class rooms, assessment tends to be regular and informal, rather than irregular and formal. This is because teaching often consists of frequent switches in who speaks and who listens, and teachers make many of their decisions within one second." (Wragg, 2001). The purpose of this paper is to analyse critically the best assessment strategies in secondary schools. Interactive assessment, coherent assessment systems, self assessment, peer assessment, and feedback are identified as the most effective strategies in the assessment of the learning outcomes of secondary students. The teaching-learning process is highly interactive and assessment during each stage of the interaction is an essential prerequisite for effective learning process. ... One of the major advantages of the interactive assessment is that it creates a strong conviction in the minds of the learners that they are an active part of the instructional process and that their views and thoughts are being taken into account. This can provide them with better confidence to take part more enthusiastically in the teaching learning process. A remarkable study conducted by Eichorn, D. & Woodrow, J. (1999) "indicate that the use of interactive assessment promotes student self-monitoring, goal setting, time management, responsibility and mastery learning. Teachers report that the use of interactive assessment facilitates and supports student-centred, instructional practices." (Eichorn & Woodrow, 1999, P.193-199). Celina Byers (2001) also believes that the teacher has to measure and evaluate whether all the instructional objectives have been achieved and how far learning has taken place is to be assessed. She is of the opinion that there should be a learner centred act ive assessment in the classroom itself :- "Making the measurement an integral part of class activity allows the identification of problems and consequent improvements even while the course is ongoing. Learner-centred active assessment both provide direct objective measurement of learning and stimulate the use of holistic assessment tools to assess the entire learning environment." (Byers, 2001). For her assessment in the secondary school should never be limited to mere summative evaluation. Instead, there should be interactive assessment in the class room as "it permits important course improvements, made in conjunction with the collaboration of the students themselves, while the course is ongoing.

Professional Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Professional Issue - Essay Example In nursing, a combination of clinical experience, technical skill and theoretical knowledge is required in providing high standard care (Funnell et al 2009). Hence, an Act of Parliament in 2002 created the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) to regulate nurses, and protect the public by ensuring that nurses provide high standard of care to the patients (Kozier et al 2008). NMC code of conduct stipulates that nurses are obligated to act ethically and are accountable for their own actions (NMC 2010). This essay will reflect on the roles and responsibilities of a registered nurse in relation to consent to treatment. For this reflection, I will apply Driscoll’s (2007) reflection model that asks three main questions: What? So what? and Now, what? (Bulman & Schultz 2008). To protect the anonymity of patients and staff, real names shall not be used (NMC 2008). Nurse role in relation to consent What? Luke is an 18 year old male with a diagnosis of major depressive with psychotic sympt oms. He was admitted informally to acute mental health inpatient following an impulsive overdose few months after the death of his father. On a morning shift during my placement, Luke was elated in mood, very anxious and was observed to be experiencing auditory hallucination saying that â€Å"he wants to go and rest with his deceased father". Hence, Nurse A decided to urgently administer his medication after consulting with the duty doctor who prescribed Risperidone 2mg. Luke refused to take the medication stating that his mum has not been informed. However, Nurse A had an informal discussion with Luke where she informed Luke that he would not be allowed to the servery if he does not take his medication. Hence, Luke reluctantly took the medication without formally consenting to it. Hence, Nurse A breached the informed consent requisite to care when she failed to adequately provide information to Luke and his mother and enable them to make an informed decision. So What? Luke was adm itted informally and had previously made an advanced directive to have his mother make the medical decisions for him. Elkin et al (2007) noted that in advance directives, patients communicate their wishes or values about future medical care to help guide decisions that include overwhelming illness, sedating drugs or unconsciousness, when the patient can no longer participate. It is a means of empowering a person with mental illness by increasing autonomy and decreasing coercion in the treatment they receive (Kozeir et al 2008). According to the Department of Health (DoH 2008), patients may want to nominate a person to be notified of, or involved in, decisions related to their treatment and care. The involvement of his mum can have a major benefit for the treatment and care of Luke. DoH (2008) asserts that such involvement can provide reassurance to Luke, who may feel distrustful of practitioners who are relatively unfamiliar and unknown to him, or able to impose compulsory measures on him. However, Nurse A administered the medication without adequately informing the patient and his mother. Thus, nurse A’s actions violate Luke’s right to informed consent. The role of nurses is to gain informed consent based on the provisions on standards of conduct indicated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008). Even if Luke handed the reins of the decision-making authority to his mother, Mental Capacity Act (MCA 2007) stipulates that patients must be informed in which circumstances they can be treated without

Arab and Jewish Conflict Causes

Arab and Jewish Conflict Causes ABSTRACT The clash between Palestinian Arabs and Jews started around the turn of the twentieth century. Despite the fact that these two gatherings have distinctive religions (Palestinians incorporate Muslims, Christians and Druze), religious contrasts are not the reason for the clash. It is basically a battle over area. Until 1948, the region that both gatherings guaranteed was referred to globally as Palestine. Yet after the war of 1948-49, this area was partitioned into three sections: the state of Israel, the West Bank (of the Jordan River) and the Gaza Strip (1). Jewishs claims to this area are focused around the scriptural guarantee to Abraham and his relatives, on the way that this was the chronicled site of the Jewish kingdom of Israel (which was decimated by the Roman Empire), and on Jews requirement for a sanctuary from European hostile to Semitism (2). Palestinian Arabs claims to the area are focused around nonstop habitation in the nation for several years and the way that they spo ke to the demographic dominant part. It depicts the â€Å"clash of civilizations† theory between the East which is still hanging to its historical inheritance and patrimony, and the West which uses its technological and scientific achievements to prove supremacy and legitimacy of spreading his values. Religiously, Jewish Islamic relations have historical roots, which stimulated several religious interpretations, later enhanced by ultra-Orthodox Zionist and Islamic extremists. In this project, I will try to evaluate the role of religion, nationalism and other forces which have triggered the conflict and look at the two prospective of this conflict. Tracing the history of the conflict In the late 19th Century, Jews and Palestinians both began to create a national cognizance and prepared to attain national objectives. Since Jews were spread over the world, the Jewish national development, or Zionist pattern, looked to distinguish a spot where Jews could meet up through the procedure of migration and settlement. In 1897, the first Zionist congress took place at Basle. Its aim was to discuss the ideas of Theodor Herzls 1896 book Der Judenstaat. Later, Basle program was established which supposed to establish a home for the Jews in Palestine Until the start of the twentieth century, most Jews living in Palestine were living in four urban communities with religious hugeness: Jerusalem, Safed, Tiberias and Hebron. The greater part of them watched conventional, standard religious practices. Numerous invested their time considering religious messages and relied on upon the philanthropy of world Jewry for survival. Their connection to the area was religious not national, and they were not included in the Zionist development that started in Europe and were brought to Palestine by migration. Till the start of World War I, Jew population had risen to 60,000. In 1916 the British Commissioner in Egypt, Sir Henry McMahon, had guaranteed the Arabs post-war autonomy for previous Ottoman Arab regions. On the other hand, Sykes-Picot Agreement Britain and France isolated the district under their joint control. In 1917, the British Foreign Minister Arthur Balfour conferred Britain to help the foundation in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish individuals, in a letter to leading Zionist Lord Rothschild. It got to be known as the Balfour Declaration. Arabs were incensed by Britains inability to satisfy its guarantee to make an autonomous Arab state, and numerous restricted British and French controls as an infringement of Arabs entitlement to determination toward oneself. In Palestine, the circumstances were more convoluted due to the British guarantee to backing the formation of a Jewish national home. The increasing European Jewish migration and settlement in Palestine created expanding safety by Palestinian laborers, writers and political figures. They expected that the increase of Jews would lead inevitably to the stronghold of a Jewish state in Palestine. Palestinian Arabs were against the British Mandate in light of the fact that it foiled their aspirations for their rule, and they restricted huge Jewish movement on the grounds that it undermined their position in the nation. In the next 15 years, there was huge influx of Jewish population and around 1 million Jews were living in Palestine in 1936. During this time militant Zionist group Irgun Zvai Leumi carried many attacks on the Palestinian to liberate Palestine and Transjordan using force. In 1937, Lord Peel recommended partitioning of Palestine into Jewish state and Arab state. However it received huge opposition from the Arab representatives. In 1947, Britain which was ruling Palestine since 1920, handed over the matter to United Nations (UN). UN setup a committee which recommended splitting the nation into two parts, Jewish and Arab nations. The plan gave 56.57% land to the one-third of the population of Jews and 43.43% land to the two-third population of Muslims. On 29th November, 1947, 33 members voted for the plan, 13 voted against it and 10 abstained from voting process. However this plan was refused by the Arab representatives. On 14th May 1948, the first Jewish state, State of Israel was proclaimed. The declaration came into effect the next day as the British troops withdrew Soon after the independence, five Arab states attacked Israel including, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Palestine. However due to better military organization and skills, Israel was able to ward off the attack successfully. In 1949, the war between Israel and the Arab states finished with the consent to peace negotiation arrangements. The nation once known as Palestine was currently isolated into three sections, each under an alternate political administration. The limits between them were the 1949 armistice lines (the Green Line). The State of Israel incorporated in excess of 77 percent of the domain. Jordan occupied East Jerusalem and the hill county of the West Bank. Egypt took control of the seaside plain around the city of Gaza (the Gaza Strip). However the tension didn’t finish here. In 1967, The Six Day War took place as a result of mounting tension between the Arab state and Israel. Israel seized Gaza and the Sinai from Egypt in the south and the Golan Heights from Syria in the north. It pushed Jordanian out of the West Bank and East Jerusalem. It also increased the area under Israel’s control as it increased to two times it had previously. Another war took place in 1973, known as the Yom Kippur war. It caused a lot of casualty on both sides and USA and USSR had to intervene to bring the ceasefire agreement. 1970’s saw the rise of Yasser Arafat who led PLO and carried out many attacks, most notably the Munich Olympics in which 11 Israeli athletes were killed. However during the same period, a right wing emerged in Israel which joined hands with Egypt as the Egypt president Anwar Sadat came to Israel in 1977. Israel also returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt that it had seized in 1967 war. In 1983, massacre of hundreds of Palestine refugees by Phalangist, ally of Israelis, was a great shame for the Israeli government. Ariel Sharon, the then defense minister had to resign from his post as inquiry proved that he was unable to avert the massacre. This massacre resulted in Palestinian intifada which started in 1987 against Israeli occupation of land. However a ray of peace was appeared in 1993 when Rabin and Yasser Arafatshook hand at the White house. Since then, various attempts to maintain peace have been made but they have proven to be futile as the extremists have tried to disrupt the peace. In recent occurring, unusually horrific murders of four young men in Hebron and Jerusalem strained the realtion between Israel and Palestine, after which Israel responded violently and bombing in gaza which resulted in deaths of many innocent lives. Concluding with the background of the conflict, the main reason for the conflict appears to be the control over land. However, the conflict over land is not because of controlling the resources or its uses but the religious importance that it carries for both the sects, Jews and Muslims. RELIGIOUS NATIONALISM Religious nationalism as talk and social development is regularly seen as an occurrence of societys self-governance as a wellspring of personality and evaluate, a self-governance showed in the shaping of politicized religious gatherings. It is a slip-up to start an examination of religious nationalism through the social gatherings forming it. From this perspective, religious nationalism turns into a development to safeguard a specific type of gathering character, contrast considered as traits of persons, much the same as that of racial, sexual orientation, sexual or etymological gatherings who dispatch developments to attest or guard their disposition before or from the general publics predominant gathering, here an instrument by which religious individuals secure participation in the political group or distinguishment in people in general circle. Religious nationalism could be seen as one among the panoply of the obviously new social developments, guarding way of life instead of seeking after investment, a substitute or a stand-in for the redistributive material governmental issues of class. Alternately it might be seen as a social refraction, or intercession, of underlying social grievances. These castings of politicized religion are both prefaced on recognizing the social as an instrumental distributional arrangement of things from the social as an expressive arrangement of signs, on understanding the economy as a material institutional request, the paragon of the social, while common society is a typical institutional request, the paragon of the social. Religious nationalism has no political-monetary import; it is an end in itself. Religious nationalism is both social and social. Religious nationalisms are vivified by a family show; they all middle their savage energies on the family, its sensual energies, its gendered request. This is on the grounds that the institutional rationale of religion fixates on the request of creation, finding human- ness in the universe, duplicating cosmology through custom, a reasonable mysticism that fundamentally focuses before life and after death. To decipher religious nationalism, we must tag the significance of nationalism. Nationalism is a state-focused type of aggregate subject development, a manifestation of state representation, one establishing the personality and authenticity of the state in a populace of people who occupy a domain limited by that state. The social shared traits of that populace dont, in themselves, constitute the premise for the creation of a country. Nationality is an unexpected and challenged case, not a social certainty (Brubaker 2000, Smith 1991). Nationalism, the political courses of action composed through the state for the sake of the country, makes the country, not the opposite (Calhoun 1998). Nationalism is a system for the co-constitution of the state and the regionally limited populace in whose name it talks. Nationalism is not philosophy. It is a digressive practice by which the regional personality of a state and the social character of the individuals whose aggregate representation it cl aims are constituted as a solitary institutional reality. Religious nationalism does not change the type of aggregate representation, just its substance, privileging a premise of personality and a paradigm of judgment which cant not be picked. The religious foundation of judgment is, similar to human rights, racial immaculateness, or specialized levelheadedness, past the span of prominent voice or the convincing diversions of the state Religious nationalist constantly focus their energies on the country states in which they live. Indeed activist Islamicists, who have a memorable transnational regional ambit, to be sure a general perfect, and the air conditioner tual custom of the caliphate whereupon to draw, just about all try to make an Islamic request inside the existent country state. In the event that nationalism does not give a determinate premise of aggregate personality, not one or the other do specific manifestations of religion give a determinate premise of legislative issues. Religious nationalism is a type of politicized religion, one in which religion is the premise of political judgment and character, for sure in which governmental issues tackle the nature of a religious commitment. Religious nationalist all read religious messages politically. While it is positively printed, religious nationalism is not inalienably more literalist in its application of its holy messages, nor more absolutist in its ontologies and good objectives, that is, than its common equivalents-communism, majority rule government, nationalism, and modem science, to take four illustrations each of which deliver their own particular hallowed writings, their sacred qualities. To talk about religions section into the general population circle essentially as a manifestation of fundamenta lism is to redirect consideration from the social specificity of its institutional duties. Each religious group, not simply politicized ones, makes specific utilization of their literary custom, tailor their elucidations to the current workload. It is impractical to recognize politicized religious developments from non-politicized ones focused around the degree to which they take after the basics, themselves simply a specific development. The religious distinction between endeavors by Hindus or Jews to control specific bits of challenged region and comparable endeavors by Muslims or American Christians, who are incorporated in the fundamentalist classification, to control the domains they as of now possess escapes me. Both of these fundamentalists look to utilize state force to control components of regional choreography-work hours, film, sustenance consumption, dress-basing their rights to do so in religious cosmology. Religious nationalism represents the return to text, to the fixity of signs, the renarrativization of the nation in a cosmic context. It returns us to bodies and souls, a zone to be defended against things on the one side and beasts on the other. Religious nationalism is literally about reading, the collective plumbing of a text for its timeless truths, as a basis for the narration of contemporary history. Islamic fundamentalists look to the Quranic history of the community founded by Prophet Muhammad in the seventh century as a template by which to gauge and goad the present order. Their Jewish counterparts locate their foundation and telos in the ancient Temple-centered kingdom that was the culmination of Gods territorial promise to Abraham, Moses, and David documented in the Torah. RELIGIOUS NATIONALISM IN ISRAEL Israel has a long history of consolidating religious advancements in its political structure; Jewish religious nationalists, ultraà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ orthodox Jewish political improvements, and Islamists have all participated in choosing administrative issues to moving degrees. We focus on the effects of the joining of the religious nationalists for different accurate and methodological reasons (which we inspect underneath). Not in any way like ultraà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ orthodox Jewry, which for the most part contemplated the Zionist reach out as strange, by the 1930s, the staggering strain inside religious Zionism saw the Zionist stretch out as having significant religious and messianic basics. In like manner, religious Zionism, while holding quick to the conviction that the spot where there is Israel was divinely ensured to the Jewish people, in the meantime favored the state of Israel as the Start of the Redemption and as the harbinger of the Messiah. It envisioned the state as the stage of Gods throne and favored its strongholds, especially the military. The blessedness of the state of Israel was seen as an ontological standard, withdrew from either the individual dedication of its inhabitants or the exercises of its pioneers. Thusly, when considering the probability of provincial concessions, it possessed with a modifying test between two religious targets the estimation of the region and the estimation of the state. In practical terms, this intimated that the relative moderates inside religious Zionism could help territorial concessions if these were seen to benefit the state of Israel. Without a doubt, headed by this wing of the advancement, the National Religious Party (NRP) did so when they underpinned Israels withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula and Gaza Strip in 1957. While these religious loyalists are still hawkish diverged from the general Israeli masses, the way that they partake in this changing test makes them reasonably administer appeared differently in relation to the radical wing of Jewish religious patriotism. Reflecting the gift of the state likewise especially of the military, one of its pioneers battled that the people who participate in violence against state associations are debasing the name of religious Zionism. They are debasing the weave kippa [skullcap (a picture of religious Zionism)]. Whoever tosses stones at IDF (Israeli Defense Energy) troopers, judgments and wars against the state of Israel is not piece of religious Zionism. The Jewish Home Party adjusted a potential union with the National Union Party on the lates renouncement of any brutality against state establishments and of any affiliation that judgments and puts down the estimation of IDF officers and of the establishments of the state of Israel (the national tune of dedication, the picture of the state, the flag of the state, recognition additionally flexibility days, and the parliamentary and legitimate skeletons). The primary lesson from the knowledge of the Israeli religious patriot development is that the same fundamental instruments (intraà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ party rivalry and the outer political setting) that are expected to prompt balance by the IMH can likewise prompt radicalization, and that such radicalization can happen even in completely democratic contexts.

The Case of Billy Frank Vickers :: Essays Papers

The Case of Billy Frank Vickers According to the article, Prosecutors Doubt Inmate Confession True, by Angela K. Brown, Billy Frank Vickers, condemned inmate, received a lethal injection on Wednesday night January 28, 2004 for a 1993 murder after confessing that he was involved in about a dozen other crimes, including the shootings that placed a cloud of suspicion over Davis for three decades (Brown). Jack Strickland, a former prosecutor in the Davis case, said he had never heard of Vickers and that his claims were a last-ditch attempt to get attention and monkey around with the system. Now the question arises of whether lethal injection was the best option for punishing Billy Frank Vickers, not because he is innocent, but because of the question of whether it is humane to take away someone’s life by inserting chemicals into his or her body that may cause more pain than can ever be imagined. I personally believe that there is no justifiable reason to give someone the death penalty as a form of punishment. In the minds of the American public and jurors in capital cases the perception of lethal injection is of a clean, clinical, and painless end. As stated in the article, Lethal Injection, seventy-one percent of those responding to a 2001 survey considered injection to be the least cruel form of execution (Lethal Injection). This perception is an advantage to the state because the public is much more willing to accept execution in this form and jurors are more willing to convict and pass the death sentence. At times it is understood why the death penalty would be considered in cases. Maybe the people are a threat to not only society but also to themselves, and need to be put to death so they can do no harm to anyone. Vickers gunned down a grocery store owner who was probably trying to make a living for himself and his family. Now this man is gone; his family is left in agony, and maybe Vickers deserves to die. Some people may say an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, but do two wrongs make a right? Some people may consider the death penalty as inhumane. As stated in the article, Naked City, by Rita Radostitz, Texas uses three chemicals in the lethal injection process: sodium thiopental (an extremely short-term anesthetic), pancuronium bromide (which paralyses the diaphragm and other muscles so the inmate is unable to move or speak, even if he is in pain), and potassium chloride (which stops the heart).

Mystery of Under Water Crop Circles Essay

Current Events Paper Synopsis: Under Water â€Å"Crop Circles† Thesis: Although 95% of the ocean hasn’t been explored, researcher and photographer Yoji Ookata just recently named his new find the â€Å"mystery circle†, an intricate design of an underwater crop circle created by a tiny puffer fish, a find that uncovers yet another mystery of the ocean. Summary: Yoji Ookata has been diving and documenting the ocean well over 50 years, just off the southern coast of Japan, Ookata observed what looked like a circular rippling pattern. 80 feet below sea level and 6 feet wide is a work of art Ookata never thought he would see, created by a puffer fish. The specific ridges are designed to attract female puffer fish, they lay eggs in the center so that they are shielded from ocean currents, the more ridges the more likely it will attract females. The little puffer works tirelessly to complete his design with just one fin. When Ookata discovered this circle he went out with a camera crew determined to find its creator, taken aback when this puffer fish made his appearance Ookata knew he had just unlocked another beautiful mystery hidden within the ocean. Sources: Knowles, Melissa. â€Å"Mystery Behind Deep-Sea Crop Circles Off the Coast of Japan Solved.† Yahoo.com September 19, 2012. http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/trending-now/mystery-behind-deep-sea-crop-circles-off-coast-165833308.html?_esi=1 Christopher. â€Å"Mysterious Underwater ‘Crop Circles’ Discovered Off the Coast of Japan† Thisiscolossal.com September 19, 2012. http://www.thisiscolossal.com/2012/09/mysterious-underwater-crop-circle-art-discovered-off-the-coast-of-japan/

How the 1947 Truman Doctrine Contained Communism

How the 1947 Truman Doctrine Contained Communism When President Harry S. Truman issued what came to be known as the Truman Doctrine in March 1947, he was outlining the basic foreign policy that the United States would use against the Soviet Union and Communism for the next 44 years. The doctrine, which had both economic and military elements, pledged support for countries attempting to hold back Soviet-style revolutionary Communism. It symbolized the United States post-World War II global leadership role. Countering Communism in Greece Truman formulated the doctrine in response to the Greek Civil War, which itself was an extension of World War II. German troops had occupied Greece since April 1941, but as the war progressed, Communist insurgents known as the National Liberation Front (or EAM/ELAS) challenged Nazi control. In October 1944, with Germany losing the war on both the western and eastern fronts, Nazi troops abandoned Greece. Soviet General Secretary Josef Stalin supported the EAM/LEAM, but he ordered them to stand down and let British troops take over Greek occupation to avoid irritating his British and American wartime allies. World War II had destroyed Greeces economy and infrastructure and created a political vacuum that Communists sought to fill. By late 1946, EAM/ELAM fighters, now backed by Yugoslav Communist leader Josip Broz Tito (who was no Stalinist puppet), forced war-weary England to commit as many as 40,000 troops to Greece to ensure it did not fall to Communism. Great Britain, however, was also financially strapped from World War II, and on February 21, 1947, it informed the United States that it was no longer able to financially sustain its operations in Greece. If the United States wanted to halt the spread of Communism into Greece, it would have to do so itself. Containment Halting the spread of Communism had, in fact, become the United States basic foreign policy. In 1946, American diplomat George Kennan, who was minister-counselor and chargà © daffaires at the American Embassy in Moscow, suggested that the United States could hold Communism at its 1945 boundaries with what he described as a patient and long-term containment of the Soviet system. While Kennan would later disagree with some elements of American implementation of his theory (such as involvement in Vietnam), containment became the basis of American foreign policy with Communist nations for the next four decades. The Doctrine to Stop Communism On March 12, Truman unveiled the Truman Doctrine in an address to the United States Congress. It must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressure, Truman said. He asked Congress for $400 million in aid for Greek anti-communist forces, as well as for the defense of Turkey, which the Soviet Union was pressuring to allow joint control of the Dardanelles. In April 1948, Congress passed the Economic Cooperation Act, better known as the Marshall Plan. The plan was the economic arm of the Truman Doctrine. Named for Secretary of State George C. Marshall (who had been United States Army chief of staff during the war), the plan offered money to war-torn areas for the rebuilding of cities and their infrastructures. American policy-makers recognized that, without quick rebuilding of war damage, countries across Europe were likely to  turn to Communism.

Essay on Friendship

Essay on Friendship Friendship is defined in million ways. Friendship is a relationship that has many dimensions and styles. Friendship can be of between any two or persons and there is no compulsion of age, gender, geography, race, creed or nationality. People living in a house or living in this world are equally to prone to this relationship of friendship. Friendship has no boundaries and no limits. All can be friends to any extent. Essay on friendship is a very soft and attractive topic for most of people generally and for youth specifically. Essay on friendship can be on boy to boy friendship, girl to girl friendship or friendship between boys and girls; there is fixed area for essay   normally. Friendship and love affair are two different things of course though both have on base that is friendship. Essay on friendship can be required in different academic disciplines like humanities, social work, literature or other social sciences.   Writing essay on friendship is a very easy task as all are familiar with the sense and essence of friendship. With some exceptions, all have written friendship essays or letters at some part of their lives. When it comes to the help to write an essay on friendship all can help themselves at their own. However, when it is required in a shorter time custom essays on friendship can be a better option. You can order an essay on friendship from a good company like CustomWritings.com. Writing essays on friendship is an old business of our writers and you can have hundreds of ideas from our literary and expert writers. We write essay on friendship in different academic formats like MLA, APA, Harvard, Turabian and Oxford. You can order an essay on friendship to us and we will write essay on friendship for you in lesser time with affordable cost. If you only need help to write an essay on friendship, even then our professional essay writers would love to offer helping hand for your needs. You can order the essay of your choice with any friendship topic and we will do good writing for you. You can assure of good grades for your custom essays on friendship bought from us. As friendship is universal term, and essay on friends is a favourite time pass for many college and university students. Different companies also write custom essays on friendship in a high number but very few companies provide you the best payout for your valued money. When it comes to quality of custom essays on friendship, you need to be very careful and order for original essay on friends without any plagiarism and duplication of contents. Academic writers at CustomWritings.com are committed to the quality of work and they write for your better grade and goodwill. Our company respects your academic goals and extends its help to further your educational career in a respectful way. When you need help to write an essay on friendship you can trust us and place an order with CustomWritings.com without any fear. You will get best possible friendship essay of course.

Prisons as Total Intitutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prisons as Total Intitutions - Essay Example This process according to interpretations by Hassine and Abbott creates a subculture for the prisoners with behavioral ways, beliefs and values that though antisocial to the world outside are promoted and even rewarded within the institution of prison. The in-prison socialization helps in this adaptation process but will be severely damaging when the inmate is released to the real world society. Deprivation within the walls of the penitentiary in various forms causes loss of self-esteem in prisoners. It starts from the point of becoming an inmate. It is therefore desirable to introduce correctional policies to reduce the level of deprivation like allowing weekend leaves and conjugal visits as has been done to alleviate sexual deprivation. One way of reducing the prisonization is to involve the inmates in the management of the prison obviously excluding the administrative part. This will help in developing a reciprocal and balanced relationship of the prisoners with the prison administrators providing scope for mature handling of the situation. The real prisons do not, however, fully behave like a total institution of Goffman but in a manner demonstrated by Hassine and Abbott referring to the prisoners falling in line with the inmate sub

Employee Reward nd Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employee Reward nd Development - Essay Example Organizational learning has been proposed as a fundamental strategic process and the only sustainable competitive advantage of the future (Vera and Crossan, 2004) as it increases the rate of change, provides flexible organization of structures, continuous improvement, and organizational interactions are actively managed and optimized (Easterling, n.d.). Smith, Araujo and Burgoyne (Vera and Crossan et al (2004) developed a theoretical model with 4I framework linked by four social and psychological processes like intuiting, interpreting, integrating and institutionalizing. Organizational learning is viewed as a process of change in thought and action among individual and group which is embedded in and affected by the institutions of the organization. It is further argued that tension between assimilating new learning (exploration) and using what has been learned (exploitation) is the basic challenges of organizational learning. The learning organization concept is about building learni ng and knowledge creating capacity in individuals and enabling the effective dissemination of this knowledge through the organization. The learning organization is the product or result of a critical combination of internal change mechanisms concerned with structure, process and human capability allied to continuous environmental reviews which is intended to improve performance (Thomas and Allen, 2006). According to Egan, Yang and Bartlett (2004) organizational learning culture can enhance employee’s job satisfaction and both of these variables influence the organizational outcome variables of motivation to transfer learning and turnover intention. The analytic framework of the learning organization developed by Watkins and Marsick (Egan, Yang and Bartlett, 2004) provides a lucid and broad definition of the construct of learning organization which not only identifies underlying learning organization dimensions but also integrates such dimensions in theoretical framework which specifies interdependent relationship and was also agreed by Ortenblad (Egan, Yang and Bartlett 2004)). Vince (2001) while examining the organizational learning in Hyder Plc mentioned that the conceptualization which indicates that â€Å"individual staff can benefit from on-the-job learning and training which is highly practical and applied† (p.1326) and further argued that organizational learning is visible in the organizational dynamics which is created from the interaction of politics (power relations) and emotions. According to Miner and Mezias (1996) various theories have tacitly assumed a fixed world of exogenous conditions to which organizations must adapt while ‘learning’ carries a positive connotation in many cultures. Behavioral learning scholars claim that incremental learning is common and has useful outcomes. It is pertinent to mention that incremental and radical learning are both meaningful concepts that enhance survival and prosperity while may c ause damage the organizational culture. According to Yeo (2002) behavioral or adaptive learning approach clarifies that learning is directly associated to some action which follows it. Cognitive learning assumes that learning is more than just applying rules or responding to small scale problems and making basic elements of a subject. Sanchez, Vijande and Gutierrez (2010) mention that

Analyze the reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Analyze the reading - Essay Example However, as the natural law demands that each individual respect each other’s space and choices, it is also the requirement of the law that the choice individuals must be within acceptable limits that adhere to ethical and moral expectations. Given the application of the natural law, this analysis paper takes into consideration the theories of blind obedience, antislavery theory, moral truth, natural law ethical theory, and the double effect principle. One exclusion criterion in this paper involves the separation of ethics, morals, and religion. The analysis is philosophical and does not consider ethics and morals as part of religious expectations when considering natural law. In the target text, Second Treatise on Government, the author is observed arguing that the fact that the natural law exists, it is not upon the duty of anyone to be authoritative over one another. Arguing from the creation story from the Holy Bible, the author points that God is the creator of all the universe and controls how humans relate and therefore it not under anyone’s responsibility that humans have to behave in a specific manner dictated by laws and authority. However, when considering the evolution of human ethics and morals, governance developments take into consideration the author’s points that authorities include entities that have the authority and capability of punishing others if found on the wrong side of the law. Law in this case is not natural but takes into consideration the natural law. Since natural law considers everyone equal and having the right to live without being disturbed, the civil law on the other hand aims at controlling how people or members of the society interact with each other as well as punishing those who take the natural law’s rights form others. With the possibility of imprisonment, execution, and hard labor; it is the order of the authorities through constituted law to

Law of Increasing Cost Essay Example for Free

Law of Increasing Cost Essay The three types of unemployment are Structural, Frictional and Cyclical Unemployment. Structural unemployment occurs due to the disparity between the skills of a person whose looking for a job and the skills needed for the jobs available thus, the job seeker’s profession or skills is not likely related to that line of work. Frictional Unemployment is another type of unemployment which is strongly related to structural unemployment as the two both depends on the dynamics changes in the economy. Thus, the people who do not even have work may not accept the first job offered to them because of the skills needed for the job and the salary. On the other hand, Cyclical Unemployment is due to lack of demand for work and is attributed to economic contraction. Cyclical Unemployment- the Government should implement and fund a program where in poorer and jobless people with capability can be able to have their own job and receive necessary payment. In doing such thing they can be able to increase productivity and economic efficiency as well as the workers welfare. Answer to question no. The Law of Increasing Cost states that as the Marginal Cost, say X, increases the Cost of the Product, say Y, decreases and vice versa. Thus, the cost of product is dependent and inversely proportional on the marginal cost of that product. Cost of Product (Y) Marginal Cost (X) Answer to question no. 5 A progressive tax is the rate of the taxes that increases as the tax payers’ income increases. The system defends on the percentage of income of an individual. Those high-income people should pay higher percentage of tax than those low-income people. An example of progressive tax is a Graduated Tax. The general sales is said to be regressive because everyone including the rich and the poor utilize it and therefore has to buy goods in order to survive for example clothes, the poor pay more of the percentage of the sales (clothes) tax compare to the rich people, that is why it is regressive. Answer to question no. 6 Inflation hurt the rich and much more the poor people. In order for the rich to uphold their ways of living they are tend to pay much greater price for the goods and services. In a worse case, the poor may not be able to afford those goods and services, thus it posses a threat to their family and to the economy in general. On the other, economist may benefit from inflation since they can somehow predict inflation rate and thus, make appropriate preparations. Answer to question no. 8 Public Good are goods and services that are available for everyone to consume. Also, consumption of these goods does not decrease the availability of the supply. Such good includes information goods and human rights. On the other hand, a private market offers goods that are the exact different of public goods, goods that are good for only one consumption and is for everyone to consume. Thus, the main reason why the public market cannot offer public goods is because public goods are free and the private market, more or less, does not offer free items. Answer to question no. 9 Full employment is define as the state and condition of the national economy, where all of the job seekers are willingly accept the job offers to them regardless of the amount of wages they are about to earn as well as the working conditions. It clearly indicates 0% of people who do not have job or unemployed. Answer to question no. 10 No. It is the objective of the public market to increase revenue and thus, it important to give greater attention to the benefits that the firm will have rather than that of the society. Because positive externalities mean that the society will gain greater benefit than that of the firm, it is likely that the public market will not be able to produce the socially optimal amount of good that is characterize by positive externalities.

Myra Hindley :: essays research papers

A sadistic temptress, the aid and probable prompt of an evil and cold blooded killer. Or a 'political prisoner being used as a scapegoat by politicians and the media'? This is a very sensitive subject and people often respond with fear and anxiety when we decide to examine things like the Moors murders. We are told that our curiosity is 'unhealthy', and that wanting to know,or openly debate about a matter which is 'naturally' closed, can only be the desire of a sick mind. We are encouraged to turn a blind eye and leave well alone. It is obvious to me that to wish to examine something is not to condone it. Yet when somebody tries to ask questions about taboo subjects today, they are assumed to be sympathetic to the subject, maybe even a little deranged, and certainly suspect. They become an outcast, and this coming adrift from the herd is also something which many fear. Many say better to be seen to be part of the lynch-mob than to become its quarry but these are the people who don't have the strength of character to even attempt to be the quarry. During their trial, neither Hindley nor Brady showed remorse. Both were sentenced to life. They are still in prison at this time. The judge has stated that she will indeed spend the rest of her days in prison with no chance of ever being paroled, so why does she still argue against the judges decision ? A lot of pressure is put on Governments to keep Hidley inside and whether or not she is to be released is now often stated in party political statements prior to elections, as it is feared that the overriding pubic opinion could win or lose elections. On November the twenty - first supporters of Hindley called for a review of sentencing procedures after Jack Straw reaffirmed the decision of his predecessor, Michael Howard, of never releasing Hindley from prison. The ruling came under immediate attack from penal reformers and civil liberties campaigners. Myra Hindley is still petitioning for her release On October the seventh, 1998 Hindley concluded a hearing at the Court of Appeal trying to overrule her "whole-life tariff." In her new attempt at overturning her life sentence and win the right to a parole hearing, Hindley claimed that she can prove that she took part in the Moors murders only because Brady abused her, and threatened to kill her mother, grandmother and younger sister if she did not comply with his wishes.

teh rechartering of the national bank by Andrew Jackson :: essays research papers

The Rechartering of the National Bank In 1832, a Renewal Bill for the United States Bank came up to the President, Andrew Jackson. He vetoed this bill for the Bank, and in the address that he included with the veto stated that he knew that this would be an issue, and that people would not like it. He told in this address all of the clear and obvious reasons why he vetoed against the bank.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, Andrew Jackson, aimed towards all of the strict constructionists, brought up the point that the formation of a national bank is not in the Constitution, and therefore there is no reason why we should be able to use it. President Jackson also said how the national bank is â€Å"rebellious of the rights of the states, and dangerous to the liberties of the people†. Jackson could see that the bank was a monopoly, and the danger that this could bring. He said how the bank is run primarily by 25 people, 20 of which are elected by the bank stock holders, the other five are elected by the bank officials themselves, who in the long run can keep reelecting themselves, and corruption is bound to follow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main point that President Jackson made in his address for the veto was that too much of the money in the U.S. Bank was from foreign countries. When private stockholders from other countries don’t pay their debts, it hurts the U.S. economy, but even worse then that is the foreign business that the bank does creates an incredible amount of foreign dividend that the U.S. citizens have to pay for, in their taxes. The President says that the banking system should be entirely American; all of the stockholders in the United States Banking system should consist of U. teh rechartering of the national bank by Andrew Jackson :: essays research papers The Rechartering of the National Bank In 1832, a Renewal Bill for the United States Bank came up to the President, Andrew Jackson. He vetoed this bill for the Bank, and in the address that he included with the veto stated that he knew that this would be an issue, and that people would not like it. He told in this address all of the clear and obvious reasons why he vetoed against the bank.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, Andrew Jackson, aimed towards all of the strict constructionists, brought up the point that the formation of a national bank is not in the Constitution, and therefore there is no reason why we should be able to use it. President Jackson also said how the national bank is â€Å"rebellious of the rights of the states, and dangerous to the liberties of the people†. Jackson could see that the bank was a monopoly, and the danger that this could bring. He said how the bank is run primarily by 25 people, 20 of which are elected by the bank stock holders, the other five are elected by the bank officials themselves, who in the long run can keep reelecting themselves, and corruption is bound to follow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main point that President Jackson made in his address for the veto was that too much of the money in the U.S. Bank was from foreign countries. When private stockholders from other countries don’t pay their debts, it hurts the U.S. economy, but even worse then that is the foreign business that the bank does creates an incredible amount of foreign dividend that the U.S. citizens have to pay for, in their taxes. The President says that the banking system should be entirely American; all of the stockholders in the United States Banking system should consist of U.

Juicy Couture Advertising Analysis Essay

Typical high fashion advertisements consist of a beautiful female model, wearing the most expensive clothing, looking classy and elegant. Somewhere there is usually a toned gorgeous man looking at her in awe, also wearing incredibly fashionable clothing. These ads, however effective on the minds of the masses, are not the same approach the infamous Juicy Couture brand takes. Bought by all types of women, from mothers to teenage girls, everyone wants to be part of the Juicy phenomenon. Juicy Couture’s image isn’t the stereotypical wealthy, high fashion kind of depiction. They show a more mainstream glamour and luxurious wealth. Their bedazzled track suits and terrier crowned logo shows their abnormal high end fashion. However, the brand is still very fabulous and expensive being â€Å"Made in Glamorous USA† (â€Å"JuicyDeals†). The advertisements of Juicy Couture try to show this same kind of image. The usual Juicy advertisements are displays of a picturesque suspended girl universe, by reflecting a modern, girlish, avant-garde display with a whimsical kind of spirit (Brown et al). Interesting and bizarre, they never fail to catch the eyes of women and girls of every age and race. Juicy couture has a different and outrageous kind of style that never fails to tap into the needs and desires of girls all over. According to their ads, with Juicy couture women can be prominent, can dominate, and can definitely get anything they want. In 2009, Juicy ran an ad campaign titled â€Å"Do the Dont’s. † Each ad depicted models breaking the rules, being rebellious, and going against what is expected by society. One of the ads shows a women dressed in business-like attire, pale skin, and hair done up in a boy-like style. She is leaning against a man dressed in complete contrast to her. He’s tan and dressed in a more feminine fashion with long shaggy hair, a tulle skirt, and carrying a purse. He stands causally like a female with his hip cocked out to the side. In the background you see a pink mansion like house, with beautiful plants and magnificent windows. Above them it says â€Å"Do the Dont’s. † Below that in light blue, the phrase â€Å"You can always get what you want† is written in messy-like handwriting. The items being advertised is everything from clothes, purses, jewelry, and perfumes. The purse and the fur coat, the socks, and the black dress are all Juicy Couture. Below their feet is the unmistakable â€Å"Juicy Couture† logo. In big, bold, fancy lettering, outlined in white. The overall name for the campaign is a striking small simple phrase that catches the eyes and can hook audiences in. On the ad it’s in black block lettering, at the top of the picture in a small type of font. To say do what is unexpected of you is something Juicy already does however, for this campaign, they are saying if girls want to be a part of this fun, superficial, girly, unrealistic world, you have to be different. When the line first came out it was different kind of high fashion that no one had seen before. They then incorporated that into their whole theme of their ads by showing a more unrealistic view of the wealthy with a forward-thinking view of fashion The house is a girly fantasy, being that it is pink, but it also shows how the pair are probably rich, and the rest of the house is just as wonderfully exotic as the two in front of them. It’s like they are a part of this beautiful world that only a few are able to see and to be like those in the picture it is necessary to be just as unrealistic as them. â€Å"You can always get what you want† is the main concept of the advertisement. In a bright blue color and it look as if it was hastily written on top with a paint brush, it is the first thing to notice. The phrase is big, bright, and takes up most of the page making it truly stand out. The two phrases correspond with each other. If you â€Å"do the dont’s† â€Å"you can always get what you want. † Or â€Å"you can always get what you want† by doing the â€Å"dont’s. † The phrase implies that with juicy couture you can get whatever you want. The models in the background give the message even more of a meaning with how they look. They give off the air that they truly can and do have whatever they want. It is even written like the person who wrote it, didn’t care about what people think. Who wouldn’t want to have everything? Jib Fowles in an article wrote about how advertising use different types of appeals in advertising. Fowles says as a â€Å"need for dominance† and a â€Å"need for prominence† is one of the ways that advertisers pull people in. This advertisement feeds the desire for women â€Å"enjoy prestige and high social status† (65). Women aspire to control and want to be admired. These appeals are shown in just the catchphrase of the advertisement, never mind the photo behind them. Although the writing may be the first thing seen behind it is an abstract photo Juicy is famous for. The female model is in control, and strongly dominates the photo. Her direct gaze toward the camera is confrontational showing she is unafraid of power, her smirk saying she already knows she’s got it all. She stands in a firm yet casual pose showing she’s comfortable with her status, even though to some people it could be unsettling. She’s happy and at ease with her life and wouldn’t change a thing. These aspects make her more of a conformist which is opposite of what a women in fashion should look like. She causally has her arm on his shoulder further showing her dominance. He is like her pet, or maybe her play toy (Brown et al). She is prime example as to what Fowles says about prominence and dominance. This model obviously shows both with her strong contrast to her male counterpart emphasizes this fact even more. Dressed casually like a girl the male model’s chest is bare showing to the audience that he’s not trying to be a girl but he’s not afraid feminine side (Brown et al). They differences between our very strange couple also leads into the â€Å"Do the Dont’s† aspect of the campaign. A man dressing like a woman is definitely going against the grain. In most advertisements men are shown as the strong leader of the person who dominates, but here it is quite clear that he couldn’t care less about being in control or anything. He is perfectly happy with his life and how he is dresses. This isn’t what is expected of a man today, not in the least. The point of the ad is to sell the viewer not a single commodity but to convince the consumer that wearing their clothing will lead them to a new lifestyle (Fowles 62). The ads instruct them to do whatever it takes to get the glamorous life they want, doing the â€Å"dont’s† and â€Å"making a mess. † However, it also emphasizes the fact that Juicy Couture is â€Å"Doing the dont’s† with their actually clothing line. With outlandish fashion rules they are trying to get audiences to remember fashion doesn’t have rules, and Juicy took that idea to the next level with their own set of rules. Women don’t have to listen to the conventional rules about life or about what they wear. The ad plays on feminine desires to be better looking than everyone else, to be different and in control.